Caries is the most common disease in dentistry, and we often hear about the adverse effects of fluoride and how patients do not feel it is safe. Now, we have a safe, effective alternative: Nano-hydroxyapatite.
Nano-hydroxyapatite is a synthetic form of the naturally occurring mineral hydroxyapatite, which makes up most of the tooth enamel and bone. It makes up 70 % of your dentin and 97 % of your enamel. Nano-hydroxyapatite is a remineralizing agent used in toothpaste and dental treatments to improve enamel strength and oral health. It is non-toxic and even safe to swallow!
NASA initially developed it in the 1970s to help astronauts recover bone and enamel lost in space. Nano-hydroxyapatite has been used in toothpaste for caries prevention since 1980, mainly in Japan, and in 1993, the Japanese government approved it as an anti-caries agent[1].
Nano-hydroxyapatite helps remineralization by directly integrating with the tooth's enamel and dentin to fill in micro-cracks and strengthen the tooth structure. It mimics the natural composition of enamel and bone and forms a new enamel layer!
On the other hand, fluoride helps remineralization by encouraging the absorption of minerals such as calcium and phosphate onto the enamel to form a more resistant surface, known as fluorapatite[2]. It also has antibacterial properties to help reduce the presence of harmful bacteria that cause cavities. It does not create a new layer of enamel but hardens it.
In recent years, nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) has received considerable attention for its use in a variety of preventative, therapeutic, and regenerative therapies.
As previously mentioned, nHA naturally occurs in the body and is highly biocompatible and non-toxic. It is a component of bone and teeth. Unlike fluoride, nHA does not pose a fluorosis risk which leads to tooth discoloration.
Nano-hydroxyapatite directly rebuilds tooth enamel by bonding nano-sized particles with the tooth structure, filling microscopic cracks, and helping repair damaged enamel more effectively than fluoride. It also improves enamel smoothness and restores the natural luster of teeth, reducing surface imperfections.
Another benefit is that it is effective for sensitive teeth. It reduces dentin hypersensitivity by blocking the exposed dentin tubules that cause sensitivity, relieving discomfort. Some studies even say it offers sustained protection against tooth sensitivity compared to fluoride products.
It's antibacterial properties are also beneficial. It can help reduce bacterial adhesion and plaque formation, limiting the risk of cavities without harsh chemicals.
Individuals with sensitive teeth, parents concerned about fluoride ingestion in young children, people who prefer more natural or biomimetic dental products, patients prone to enamel erosion, or those who experience tooth sensitivity should all consider using Nano-hydroxyapatite
Using Nano-Hydroxyapatite helps individuals avoid fluoride toxicity. NHA is considered safe for children and individuals concerned about overexposure to fluoride and suitable for people advised to limit fluoride intake due to medical conditions.
Nano-hydroxyapatite is a promising alternative to traditional fluoride. It offers safe, biocompatible, and effective remineralization[3] , especially for those seeking a more natural approach to oral health care.
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